
7000億方案俾否決, 美股下跌777點, 今日港股低開一千幾點後收窄跌幅至二百幾點 !
要做的已做, 要分散的已分散, 唯有坐定定睇戲 !
港 元 同 業 拆 借 市 場 內 , 各 交 易 銀 行 因 信 貸 能 力 及 資 產 負 債 表 差 異 , 故 即 使 在 正 常 市 況 下 , 各 行 拆 借 息 率 水 平 亦 有 高 低 之 分 , 每 遇 金 融 市 場 波 動 , 拆 息 尤 以 短 錢 便 很 容 易 出 現 兩 價 制 ( two-tiers pricing ) 情 況 , 但 匯 商 指 , 過 去 兩 周 因 雷 曼 破 產 及 金 融 海 嘯 引 發 的 兩 價 制 , 差 異 較 以 往 歷 次 風 暴 更 嚴 重 , 特 別 是 每 日 早 上 資 金 供 求 緊 張 的 交 易 時 段 , 資 金 歸 邊 情 況 尤 為 顯 著 。
財 資 市 場 人 士 指 , 兩 價 制 一 般 在 開 市 早 段 較 顯 著 , 坐 擁 資 金 的 銀 行 , 因 審 慎 計 不 太 願 意 拆 出 頭 寸 , 或 縮 減 向 同 業 對 手 的 拆 放 額 度 , 令 同 業 市 場 資 金 運 轉 速 度 減 慢 。
港 元 頭 寸 不 足 的 銀 行 , 早 上 往 往 開 價 4 、 5 厘 擬 拆 入 短 錢 , 亦 不 得 要 領 , 相 反 「 好 名 」 及 資 金 充 裕 的 銀 行 , 即 使 獲 對 手 以 1 、 2 厘 或 更 低 水 平 放 出 短 錢 , 亦 無 意 問 津 。
不 過 , 當 日 中 集 體 結 算 時 段 洪 過 後 , 歸 邊 的 資 金 會 逐 步 拆 出 , 午 後 兩 價 制 情 況 會 收 窄 , 拉 勻 計 , 全 日 差 距 高 低 位 約 2 、 3 厘 。
有 消 息 說 , 為 理 順 拆 借 雙 方 的 資 金 供 求 差 距 , 金 管 局 上 周 亦 曾 向 個 別 大 行 , 透 過 貨 幣 市 場 操 作 方 式 問 價 , 惟 最 終 有 否 向 大 行 拆 入 資 金 , 再 轉 而 向 資 金 緊 絀 的 銀 行 放 貸 , 則 不 得 而 知 。 金 管 局 總 裁 任 志 剛 上 周 表 示 , 除 了 向 市 場 注 資 外 , 該 局 亦 可 能 作 為 中 間 人 , 向 資 金 充 裕 的 銀 行 借 入 資 金 , 並 放 貸 予 資 金 較 緊 的 銀 行 。
As we all know, the world changed drastically on Sept. 11, 2001, when the twin towers of the World Trade Center fell.
This year, on the eve of Sept. 11, the twin towers of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac crumbled. Then, on Sept. 15, Lehman Brothers and Merrill Lynch disappeared. Actually, that was a triple-tower collapse if you count AIG.
In a few years, the biggest pair of towers will collapse: Social Security and Medicare. Even today, they're looking shaky. How many ground zeros can we as people, a nation, and a world withstand before we admit something is very wrong with our global financial systems? What will it take to wake us up?
Government Can't Fix It
Personally, I believe the biggest it's a problem that so many Americans are looking to this year's presidential candidates, Barack Obama and John McCain, to save our financial system. How did we become so financially weak that we surrender our economic independence to politicians? Where does it say in the Constitution that the government should solve our financial problems?
And why have so many people throughout the world come to expect financial life-support from their political leaders? It seems most people will vote for anyone who promises a chicken in every pot and a guaranteed mortgage payment.
We're in the midst of a problem neither candidate can solve: A lack of comprehensive financial education in our school systems. What else explains the economic blunders committed by our political and financial leaders? Or why so many consumers are in debt up to their eyeballs? Or why millions of people expect a quick government fix of some kind?
Under Water
A few months ago, a friend of mine from Hawaii asked me if I wanted to buy his new powerboat with twin motors. Apparently, in late 2007, he purchased it brand new for approximately $85,000. His plan was to refinance his house when it appreciated in value and use the difference to pay for the boat.
Failing to obtain new financing, he called to ask me if I would buy the boat from him -- just take over the payments and it was mine. I passed, and the bank eventually repossessed his boat. Later, his wife called to tell me he's now having problems making his mortgage payments. Apparently, my friend planned to pay for his house the same way he planned on paying for the boat, by refinancing his debt.
I mention this story because it illustrates the problem Obama or McCain face: Limited financial education and diminished financial common sense. Apparently, my and the nation's business leaders all went to same school of finance.
A Cynical Aside
If you want to know why the towers of American capitalism are crumbling, I recommend reading "The Creature from Jekyll Island" by G. Edward Griffin. It's not an easy book to find, but once you start reading it's to put down. In fact, in many ways it's a murder mystery about the financial "murder" of the middle class.
A very important lesson in the book is how political leaders use financial spin to deceive the public. The very, very rich use the system to legally steal from the rest of us by appealing to our sense of patriotism. When our leaders say, "We're bailing out Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac because we want to protect the American people," they really mean "We're saving our rich friends."
All the bankers and politicians have to do is wave the red, white, and blue, play a few bars of "Yankee Doodle," and the masses get teary-eyed and pledge greater allegiance to legalized robbery. Yes, it's true that ignorance is bliss -- but ignorance is also expensive, and it cost us our freedom.
Freedom at Peril
A bailout can be different things. First, printing more money is a kind of bailout that leads to higher inflation. Rather than protecting people, it makes life for the poor and middle class more expensive. The other kind of bailout is protection for our rich and incompetent friends. If you or I fail at business, we fail. If we cheat and fail, we go to jail. But if you're rich and politically connected, your incompetence may be protected by a government bailout.
As a former Marine and a Vietnam War veteran, it saddens me to see some of the freedoms I thought I went to war to protect being stolen from us by bankers and politicians. Unfortunately, few Americans know the difference between the words "nationalize" and "socialize." Socialize means we turn more of our personal powers over to Big Brother, not free enterprise. It means we as a people grow weaker and need a higher power -- the same power that got us into this mess -- to protect us.
In short, when the towers of Fannie, Freddie, Merrill, Lehman, and AIG came crashing down, more came down than just money. What we're losing is the very freedom this country was founded on, and what most of the world yearns for.
Take, for example, the U.S. government's August 1989 bailout of the savings-and-loan industry. The stock market fell by 12 percent within the first 14 months of the rescue plan while the economy slipped into an eight-month recession that began in July 1990. Housing prices that had just begun to erode continued to fall for another three years.
There's little reason to believe it will be dramatically different this time around, particularly since this bailout involves harder-to-value assets and comes with the U.S. economy already on the edge of a recession, if one hasn't begun already.
"This is going to take years to work out and it will be incredibly complicated," predicted banking consultant Bert Ely, who has extensively studied the U.S. government's 1989 bailout.
Although lawmakers are still sparring over the precise details, the proposed bailout would authorize the government to borrow up to $700 billion to buy the toxic assets poisoning banks. Most of these holdings are tied to mortgages made to borrowers who either can't afford to make their monthly payments or have simply chosen to default because they owe far more than their homes are worth. No one seems quite certain how much these assets are worth, but the government is betting that -- with time -- it can get a handle on it and eventually profit.
Even as the government tries to clean up the mess left by reckless home lenders, borrowers and investors, more problems are likely to stack up.
The trouble could include longer unemployment lines as struggling companies faced with declining sales and limited access to credit trim their payrolls. That could lead to even more bank failures as cash-strapped borrowers don't repay loans. And most experts think there's still a good chance the downturn in the housing and stock markets will deepen to further spook already frightened consumers.
The government is hoping its intervention will unclog the lending pipeline, but that isn't a certainty either, said Sung Won Sohn, an economics professor at California State University, Channel Islands.
"If I am a medium-sized bank on Main Street, simply because the government is bringing a bailout package to Wall Street doesn't mean I am suddenly going to change my mind and start lending money again," Sohn said.
That suggests the economic statistics won't even capture some of the collateral damage -- all the lost lending opportunities that occur as banks try to bolster their rickety balance sheets. Many banks have curtailed their lending because they are already swimming in losses and don't want to risk drowning by taking chances on more borrowers.
"The real tragedy is we will never know how many businesses would have been started or how many businesses might have expanded if all this hadn't happened," said Jonathan Macey, deputy dean of Yale Law School, who wrote a book about a government bailout in Sweden during the early 1990s.
In a best case scenario, Macey said the United States will bounce back within two years, like Sweden did after the government spent billions of dollars to salvage the country's troubled banks and prop up a slumping housing market.
Before the medicine took effect, Sweden suffered through a 20-month recession that saw nearly 60,000 companies go bankrupt, housing prices fall by 19 percent and the country's bellwether stock market index plunge 45 percent from its peak. Once the hangover ended, the good times resumed; Sweden's economic growth has averaged 3.2 percent since 1994.
Sweden spent 65 billion kronor (about $10 billion at the time), but made most of the money back because it bought a stake in some of the troubled banks. The government still owns nearly 20 percent in one bank -- a stake that is now up for sale. U.S. lawmakers also have been debating whether it makes sense to acquire stock in some of the banks that the government intends to help out.
In a more sobering situation, the payoff from the U.S. bailout might take much longer. That's what happened in Japan after its government finally intervened in a real estate and banking crisis that began in the early 1990s.
By the time the government acted in 1997, the economic hole was so deep that it took another seven or eight years to climb out. The net public outlay to clean up mess was 18 trillion yen ($168 billion), according to the Financial Services Agency.
The abysmal times in Japan during the 1990s are now known as the "lost decade." Even though the economy is better now, the Japan's stock market still hasn't returned to its peak before the bubble burst. And Japan still has about $9 billion worth of property held as collateral that needs to be sold.
It seems unlikely that the United States will have to wait as long for a recovery because the government is wading into the financial muck much more quickly than Japan did.
In contrast, the United States is promising to bail out its banks 18 months after mortgage lender New Century Financial Corp. filed for bankruptcy -- a move that set off alarms about the rot ruining home loan portfolios.
"Some resolution measures are more effective than others in restoring the banking system to health and containing the fallout on the real economy," the International Monetary Fund concluded in a study of 124 financial crises since 1970. "Above all, speed appears to be of the essence."
Even if the U.S. government is moving in time to make a difference, success is likely to hinge on the ability to figure out the right price to pay for an exotic mix of mortgage-backed investments and other serpentine securities that aren't easily appraised. And then the government must hope the housing market eventually rebounds to lift the value of the acquired assets.
If those pieces fall into place, the United States could profit or at least minimize its losses. On the flip side, the losses could be huge if the government misjudges the value of the problem assets or the housing market remains in a funk.
"The best we can hope for is that this (bailout) buys us time," said Edward Yardeni, who runs his own economic research firm.
The United States moved a little quicker to address the mortgage crisis than it did in the savings-and-loan debacle of the 1980s. Although warning signs of an industry breakdown started to flash in the mid-1980s, the government waited until August 1989 to create the Resolution Trust Corp. to dispose of the repossessed homes, offices, cars, planes and even artwork held by failed S&Ls.
During the next six years, the RTC sold nearly $400 billion in assets on the books of more than 700 failed thrifts. Taxpayers ended up sustaining a loss of $125 billion to $150 billion on the fire sale -- about 2 percent of the country's gross domestic product by the time the bailout was completed in 1995. Entering the S&L bailout, the government had projected a taxpayer loss of $40 billion to $50 billion.
If the ratio of losses to assets inherited in the latest $700 billion bailout is similar to what occurred in the S&L crisis, the taxpayers will be saddled with a bill of more than $250 billion, which also translates into about 2 percent of the nation's current GDP.
Data from the IMF's study suggest the losses could run even higher. The monetary fund calculated governments typically recover about 18 cents on every dollar spent in bailouts -- a rate that would translate into a loss of more than $500 billion. The United States seems unlikely to sustain a loss that large since it presumably will be buying the banking assets at a sharp discount -- leaving plenty of room for an upside.
Although the S&L bailout was the biggest in U.S. history before this one, the challenges facing the government are radically different.
In 1989-95, the government and an army of contractors disposed of assets that were dumped into their laps as S&Ls collapsed. And it wasn't too difficult to figure what those assets were worth because their value could be easily measured against similar property. That's not the case this time. Part of the reason so many banks are imperiled is that no one is sure what their investments are worth.
Most economists agree absorbing the bailout's costs are preferable to running the risk of the entire U.S. financial system unraveling -- a calamity that would probably trigger a global depression. But knowing things could be even worse probably won't make it easier to stomach the turmoil still to come.
"Unwinding asset and credit bubbles is a long and arduous task even with aggressive government involvement," Merrill Lynch economist David Rosenberg wrote in a report titled "Capitalism takes a sabbatical."
昨日雷曼債券苦主與金管局會晤。據稱,至少21間銀行及1間金融機構涉及銷售雷曼產品,涉及多少投 資者金管局現時仍未有數字,但預料投資者的損失起碼達數十億元。證監會則證實,本港市面上現有的抵押債務證券(CDO)總值約360億元,當中由雷曼發行 或有份做擔保的產品,約值127億元,佔約4成。
傳1中資行超2萬客購買
據本報獲得的銀行界消息稱,單是本港一家大型中資銀行,就已有2萬人購買了雷曼「迷你債券」或雷曼 的相關產品。本港過去幾年的低息環境令銀行大力拓展「財富管理」業務,幾乎所有銀行都曾參與過分銷雷曼相關產品,因此估計本港的雷曼苦主可能超過5萬人, 就目前出來遊行的苦主所披露的平均每人約50萬元計,涉及的金額可能超過250億元,相當驚人。
投資銀行摩根大通最新的報告指出,雷曼兄弟破產令全球持有該公司債券的持有人損失逾900億美元(約7,020億港元),結果將導致美國的企業債券市場長 期受損。摩通指,雷曼於本月15日申請破產保護,對高級債券投資者來說,無疑是一次毀滅性的打擊。同時,雷曼的資產負債表上,有約1,100億美元的長期 債務,而這些債務目前的價格平均為15美元。
證監共收130宗有關投訴
據指,大部分苦主都是退休人士,他們原意只希望將資金存放在銀行,定期收息以保障生活,但銀行銷售人員堅稱「迷你債券」屬保本兼低風險投資,兼可收取較存款息為高利息,但實際全是結構性或衍生投資產品,並無提及產品與雷曼兄弟有關。
苦主批評,不滿零售銀行以投資銀行方式經營,將複雜結構性投資產品,以「coldcall」形式向相熟客戶推銷,包裝銷售形式存有誤導,亦不滿監管機構容許零售銀行銷售有關產品。
涉不當行為投訴轉介金局
證監會昨晚表示,至昨晚共收到130宗涉及雷曼迷你債券的投訴和780宗查詢,並把與銀行涉嫌不當銷售行為有關的投訴,轉介金管局作進一步行動。
除了本港眾多市民購買了由雷曼發行或擔保的「迷你債券」外,台灣、新加坡亦有大批人士同樣購買了雷曼的相關產品,台灣媒體報道,全台逾5萬人購買了雷曼相關產品,如連動式債券,涉資過百億新台幣。
另外,新加坡和印尼也有不少人購買了雷曼的相關產品,雷曼的倒閉引起了投資者的憤怒。
目前要說華爾街已徹底革新,仍言之尚早,但部分改變已漸露端倪。約翰霍普金斯大學國際商業與公共政策中心主任利茲認為,金融業充滿競爭的環境正在改變,而投資銀行將成為輸家。他認為正在發生的是基本性的調整,不單包含市場,也包含金融機構本身。
很多冒險人士失業
分析師預測未來的金融業境況,認為屆時只有數間頂尖的環球性大行運作,業務偏向多元化,另外還有數間服務企業投資者的專業顧問公司。歷史較短的公司,如對 沖基金和私募基金公司將會繼續運作,此等公司所受的監管不多,主要業務為替投資者管理大批金錢,會經常持有大批證券。
隨著上述結構性改變而來的,將會是公眾對金融業在觀念上的文化改變。一直以來,大眾都認為有學識, 有志向和堅毅精神的人,只要肯冒風險,最理想的便應該是投身於金融業,加入投資銀行,酬勞可觀。但專家估計,隨著投資銀行著力減低風險,投資銀行從業員將 為就業市場帶來改變。
金融海嘯已經為就業市場帶來波動,紐約市長彭博估計,紐約州內會有約4萬人因此而失業,當中不少人不是直接從事金融行業。
至於這場金融危機會否為華爾街帶來永久的改變,目前還不能說準,因為還要觀察美國財政部救市方案是否成功。一旦失敗,全球金融市場將會承受重大破壞,造就新系統的誕生。 ■《華盛頓郵報》
CHICAGO (Reuters) - On Main Street, insurance protects people from the effects of catastrophes.
But on Wall Street, specialized insurance known as a credit default swaps are turning a bad situation into a catastrophe.
When historians write about the current crisis, much of the blame will go to the slump in the housing and mortgage markets, which triggered the losses, layoffs and liquidations sweeping the financial industry.
But credit default swaps -- complex derivatives originally designed to protect banks from deadbeat borrowers -- are adding to the turmoil.
"This was supposedly a way to hedge risk," says Ellen Brown, the author of the book "Web of Debt."
"I'm sure their predictive models were right as far as the risk of the things they were insuring against. But what they didn't factor in was the risk that the sellers of this protection wouldn't pay ... That's what we're seeing now."
Brown is hardly alone in her criticism of the derivatives. Five years ago, billionaire investor Warren Buffett called them a "time bomb" and "financial weapons of mass destruction" and directed the insurance arm of his Berkshire Hathaway Inc to exit the business.
LINKED TO MORTGAGESThe latest victim is insurer AIG, which received an emergency $85 billion loan from the U.S. Federal Reserve late on Tuesday to stave off a bankruptcy.
Over the last three quarters, AIG suffered $18 billion of losses tied to guarantees it wrote on mortgage-linked derivatives.
Its struggles intensified in recent weeks as losses in its own investments led to cuts in its credit ratings. Those cuts triggered clauses in the policies AIG had written that forced it to put up billions of dollars in extra collateral -- billions it did not have and could not raise.
EASY MONEY
When the credit default market began back in the mid-1990s, the transactions were simpler, more transparent affairs. Not all the sellers were insurance companies like AIG -- most were not. But the protection buyer usually knew the protection seller.
As it grew -- according to the industry's trade group, the credit default market grew to $46 trillion by the first half of 2007 from $631 billion in 2000 -- all that changed.
An over-the-counter market grew up and some of the most active players became asset managers, including hedge fund managers, who bought and sold the policies like any other investment.
And in those deals, they sold protection as often as they bought it -- although they rarely set aside the reserves they would need if the obligation ever had to be paid.The trouble was, the hedge fund set up a subsidiary to stand behind the guarantee -- and capitalized it with just $4.6 million. As long as the loans performed, the fund made a killing, raking in an annualized return of nearly 44 percent.
But in the summer of 2007, as home owners began to default, things got ugly. UBS demanded the hedge fund put up additional collateral. The fund balked. UBS sued.
The dispute is hardly unique. Both Wachovia Corp and Citigroup Inc are involved in similar litigation with firms that promised to step up and act like insurers -- but were not actually insurers.
"Insurance companies have armies of actuaries and deep pools of policyholders and the financial wherewithal to pay claims," says Mike Barry, a spokesman at the Insurance Information Institute.
"SLOPPY"As a result, some protection buyers had trouble figuring out who was standing behind the insurance they bought. And it put investors into webs of relationships they did not understand.
"This is the derivative nightmare that everyone has been warning about," says Peter Schiff, the president of Euro Pacific Capital at the author of "Crash Proof: How to Profit From the Coming Economic Collapse."(Editing by Andre Grenon)
中資多渠道出海 官方難摸底
中國首隻QDII基金華安國際配置基金也因雷曼破產面臨清盤,華安基金可能需要支付6億美元來償還 投資者本金;而如果今後大摩等投行或銀行破產,還會牽涉到國內多家QDII基金。此外,證券公司使用自有外匯購買海外債券和基金,也多集中在美國市場;更 有一些私募基金借助各種渠道投資海外基金,規模巨大,官方很難掌握具體數據。
除了購買債券或貸款血本無歸外,一些金融機構的股權投資也大幅縮水。因富通持有雷曼兄弟債券,平安保險投資富通浮虧逾140億元。
碎股是不夠一手的股票, 多數是派送出來的或供股、合股做成的, 只可以賣出但不能買入; 賣出價會低過正股價; 在大利市機上你會見到在交易前有個 D 字. 因為股票交易多數會有約 100 元最低消費, 所以你要先計下賣出後是否可以收回多過個最低消費的銀碼, 要不然你還要補用費出來的.
如果你除了碎股, 還有夠一手手的股票, 這樣你可以在同一個交易中沽出, 用費亦可以合計不用另外給用費的. 因為碎股多數有"碎股佬"收集, 所以我們經紀會先幫客把正股沽出去後才沽碎股. 做了十年我前幾個月才遇到一次有隻碎股無人接, 好彩是獨立沽單, 要不已沽出了正股都不知怎麼辦, 所以以後都要先問碎股有無人接先好沽貨了.如果想提股票出來要同你證券行或銀行聯絡, 多數要你簽提倉指示及要你付 : hk$5 每手, 最少 hk$30 每一隻股票計, 普通需時約一個星期股票就可以到你手(在正達證券行倒閉時, 一時間好多人提取, 個時提貨需時一個月), 有些公司會包幫你轉名, 有些公司不包, 要你自行去轉名. 隻股票的過戶署的名及地址寫在張股票的前下方.
過戶署轉名的用費是 hk$5 每一張股票計(有時一張是一手, 有時一張是一萬股, 大 lot 會少些用費, 但如果你以後想分小部份出貨又要去過戶署換過或全部入倉先, 所以要預先諗清楚你想要小 lot 或大 lot.
如果自己不能親身去過戶處, 可以填完股票後面的私人資料, 在最下面承讓人欄簽名後, 叫人代去過戶署轉名.
轉了名的股票好處是以後派息時, 過戶署會寄支票給你或把股息轉入你指定的銀行戶口, 但如果你想賣出時, 好多行都會要求你入倉後十天至兩個星期先可以賣出去(有些證券行可以即時幫你沽出股票, 但須在兩星期後才俾返錢你, 因為你自己須承膽責任, 如果股票有問題, 例如簽名不符或報失後, 搵返股票又沒消案或股票已合併, 已無甘多股數, 須要你買返股票來交收; 你可能會受到某成度的損失)及入倉要收取 HK$5 一張股票或簽一張轉手紙(standard form)都係 HK$5 一隻股票計.
有了你的地址, 隻股票以後有年報, 開會, 供股或送股, 派息都會寄信給你.
記住要好好保管你的股票, 因為遺失了, 你就會好麻煩及要交好高的費用先補得返. 如果想改股票持有人的資料如改地址或轉入股息的銀行戶口, 你可以寫信去通知過戶署, 在信上寫上持有人的名, 新地址, 股票名稱, 股數及股票上的 certificate numbers, 還要記得簽你申請股票時的簽名.
如果你提了貨出來又不去轉名, 以後如有股息派你會收不到, 但如果隻股以往都不派息, 最好吾好去轉名, 可以省返用費.
註 : 資料來之個別證券行, 所以要用你用的證券行或銀行的收費為準 !
【 本 報 綜 合 報 道 】 「 債 券 大 王 」 格 羅 斯 警 告 , 隨 著 銀 行 、 券 商 和 對 沖 基 金 紛 紛 拋 售 資 產 , 令 債 券 、 房 地 產 、 股 票 和 商 品 價 格 持 續 下 滑 , 若 坐 視 不 理 , 原 本 僅 屬 溫 和 的 資 產 熊 市 , 將 變 成 殺 傷 力 龐 大 的 「 金 融 海 嘯 」 , 故 美 國 財 政 部 須 向 市 場 進 一 步 注 資 , 以 力 挽 狂 瀾 。
格 羅 斯 周 四 在 他 主 理 的 Pimco 公 司 網 站 發 表 評 論 說 , 金 融 機 構 拋 售 資 產 , 令 所 有 債 券 資 產 的 風 險 溢 價 趨 升 , 並 加 劇 市 場 波 動 。
過 去 一 年 樓 市 的 需 求 減 弱 , 兩 大 房 貸 商 ─ ─ 房 利 美 和 房 貸 美 的 30 年 期 定 息 按 揭 債 券 的 孳 息 , 可 能 已 上 揚 75 點 子 , 意 味 新 造 按 揭 利 率 會 上 漲 。
籲 進 一 步 向 市 場 注 資
此 外 , 美 國 樓 市 目 前 跌 勢 是 上 世 紀 「 經 濟 大 蕭 條 」 以 來 最 嚴 重 , 令 市 民 財 富 大 縮 水 , 進 一 步 拖 累 經 濟 增 長 。
格 羅 斯 指 出 , 除 非 金 融 機 構 成 功 籌 集 所 需 資 金 , 並 停 止 沽 售 資 產 , 否 則 市 場 難 以 止 跌 回 穩 , 甚 至 牽 連 擁 有 「 完 美 」 信 貸 評 級 資 產 亦 無 法 倖 免 。
上 述 言 論 較 他 先 前 的 看 法 明 顯 悲 觀 , 惟 最 新 數 據 顯 示 , 銀 行 和 商 界 在 集 資 時 仍 有 困 難 , 意 味 信 貸 危 機 會 再 持 續 一 段 日 子 。
建 議 推 優 惠 房 貸 利 率
他 稱 , 由 於 早 前 向 金 融 機 構 的 投 資 均 錄 得 虧 損 , 故 Pimco 、 多 國 主 權 基 金 和 中 央 銀 行 現 時 都 不 願 再 向 金 融 機 構 注 資 ; 民 間 投 資 者 更 由 於 缺 乏 資 金 或 早 前 投 資 損 手 , 已 無 力 購 入 新 資 產 , 故 美 國 政 府 須 取 代 這 些 投 資 者 , 向 市 場 提 供 支 援 。 美 國 財 政 部 不 僅 要 拯 救 「 兩 房 」 , 亦 要 透 過 優 惠 房 貸 利 率 來 援 助 美 國 一 般 大 眾 。 他 同 時 建 議 , 華 府 可 設 立 類 似 80 年 代 的 重 整 信 託 公 司 ( Resolution Trust Corp. ) , 向 瀕 危 的 金 融 機 構 收 購 資 產 。
【 本 報 訊 】 再 有 投 資 者 遭 銀 行 入 稟 , 追 討 股 票 累 積 期 權 合 約 ( Accumulator ) 欠 款 。 匯 豐 私 人 銀 行 ( 瑞 士 ) 本 周 四 入 稟 高 院 , 就 七 份 「 股 份 遠 期 累 計 工 具 」 合 約 ( Share Forward Accumulator Contracts ) , 向 兩 名 持 有 同 一 戶 口 的 客 戶 , 追 討 截 至 8 月 31 日 的 應 付 欠 款 連 利 息 , 合 共 1144.47 萬 元 。
兩 客 戶 涉 1144 萬 元
兩 名 被 追 索 人 是 張 德 陽 及 栗 克 英 , 去 年 10 月 18 日 至 11 月 7 日 , 先 後 向 匯 豐 購 買 7 份 一 年 期 的 Accumulator 合 約 , 掛 拘 股 份 涉 及 中 國 人 壽 ( 2628 ) 、 港 交 所 ( 388 ) 、 中 國 銀 行 ( 3988 ) 、 交 通 銀 行 ( 3328 ) 及 中 移 動 ( 941 ) 共 5 隻 藍 籌 股 。
港 股 自 去 年 10 月 底 高 位 後 反 覆 下 挫 , 上 述 股 份 股 價 全 部 跌 穿 雙 方 所 訂 的 合 約 價 , 匯 豐 遂 分 別 於 今 年 1 月 21 日 及 3 月 13 日 去 信 兩 人 , 要 求 存 入 32.29 萬 美 元 及 203.6 萬 美 元 , 繳 交 孖 展 數 額 , 但 對 方 未 有 理 會 ;匯 豐 於 3 月 20 日 為 合 約 「 斬 倉 」 。 由 兩 人 買 入 首 份 合 約 直 至 遭 斬 倉 , 指 已 累 挫 逾 40% 。 今 年 3 月 , 匯 豐 私 人 銀 行 ( 瑞 士 ) 亦 入 稟 向 一 投 資 者 追 索 Accumulator 欠 款 逾 2200 萬 元 。
看好金價上2000美元
報道稱,該公司位居北京市場金條和金幣銷售量的前三,其網站提供的黃金分析,也在內地金市中小有名 氣。其總裁張衛星身兼高德黃金首席經濟學家、執行總裁等多個職位,上個月他曾高調預言,稱黃金合理的價格在2000美元以上,並且未來3至5個月內,國際 金價再創新高的概率達到60%至70%。但此次預言顯然失準,國際金價一路下挫,昨日已跌到805美元,最終導致高德黃金公司「爆倉」。
內地黃金投資分析師資格評審專家委員會秘書長鄭潤祥表示,面對下跌必須進行對沖,但因為外匯管理條例對國際熱錢的嚴密監管,高德黃金要想實行境外對沖也很困難。正是在金價持續下跌中死硬做多,使該公司走向潰敗。